还在用SimpleDateFormat格式化时间?小心经理锤你
场景
本来开开心心的周末时光,线上突然就疯狂报错,以为程序炸了,截停日志,发现是就是类似下述一段错误
java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: ".202006E.202006E44"at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(FloatingDecimal.java:2043)at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.parseDouble(FloatingDecimal.java:110)at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Double.java:538)at java.text.DigitList.getDouble(DigitList.java:169)at java.text.DecimalFormat.parse(DecimalFormat.java:2089)at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.subParse(SimpleDateFormat.java:1869)at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.parse(SimpleDateFormat.java:1514)at java.text.DateFormat.parse(DateFormat.java:364)at com.github.springtools.SimpleDateFormatTest.lambda$null$0(Xxxxxxx.java:2020)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)定位到错误处,发现是一个时间格式化(SimpleDateFormat)的异常,一个时间格式化怎么会导致这种错误,还使得接口不能正常调用
测试
拉出来,使用模拟接口多线程的环境,单独进行测试…
package com.github.springtools;import java.text.ParseException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.stream.IntStream;public class SimpleDateFormatTest { public static final SimpleDateFormat FORMAT = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException { System.out.println(FORMAT.parse("2020-06-06")); System.out.println("--------单个调用结束--------"); System.out.println("--------多线程调用开始--------"); IntStream.rangeClosed(0, 10) .forEach(i -> new Thread(() -> { try { System.out.println(FORMAT.parse("2020-06-06")); } catch (ParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }).start()); }}输出
Sat Jun 06 00:00:00 CST 2020--------单个调用结束----------------多线程调用开始--------Sat Jun 06 00:00:00 CST 2020Sat Jun 06 00:00:00 CST 2020Exception in thread "Thread-7" Exception in thread "Thread-8" java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: ".202006E.202006E44"at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(FloatingDecimal.java:2043)at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.parseDouble(FloatingDecimal.java:110)at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Double.java:538)罪魁祸首浮出水面,就是SimpleDateFormat的锅
线程不安全,去找Java文档里的SimpleDateFormat: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.html
Date formats are not synchronized. It is recommed to create separate format instances for each thread. If multiple threads access a format concurrently, it must be synchronized externally.日期格式不同步。建议为每个线程创建单独的格式实例。如果多个线程同时访问一种格式,则必须在外部进行同步。
解决方法
使用ThreadLocal
// ThreadLocalpublic static final ThreadLocal<SimpleDateFormat> THREADLOCAL_FORMAT = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"));IntStream.rangeClosed(0, 5) .forEach(i -> new Thread(() -> { try { System.out.println("ThreadLocal:" + THREADLOCAL_FORMAT.get().parse("2020-06-06")); } catch (ParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }).start());使用Java 8中的时间处理
public static final DateTimeFormatter JAVA8_FORMATTER = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd");IntStream.rangeClosed(0, 5) .forEach(i -> new Thread(() -> { try { System.out.println("JAVA8_FORMATTER:" + JAVA8_FORMATTER.parse("2020-06-06")); } catch (ParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }).start());总结
使用多线程的时候,一定要考虑到其调用到的实例变量,Java8中时间格式化DateTimeFormatter是用final修饰的,不可变类,所以是线程安全的,或者在线程中调用ThreadLocal也是可以的